2023考研英语词汇128 个熟词僻意词整理汇总
2023考研英语词汇是考研英语基础阶段复习的首要内容，关于考研英语词汇的备考，考生除了利用词根词缀进行词汇的记忆外，对词汇进行分类整理也至关重要。考研英语词汇128个熟词僻
2023考研英语词汇是考研英语基础阶段复习的首要内容，关于考研英语词汇的备考，考生除了利用词根词缀进行词汇的记忆外，对词汇进行分类整理也至关重要。考研英语词汇128个熟词僻义整理汇总。
1.administrate v.实施，执行;给予，投(药)
administrate rites/administrate drugs/ administer justice 实施仪式/使用药物/执行审判
2.address.解决;致词
address this issue 解决这个问题.
The president addressed the nation during the war.总统在战时对全国发表演讲。
3.air n.神气，架子
There is a high air in his tone.
他的语气中透出一种高傲的感觉。
on the air 用无线电传播
4.anchor n.主播 v. 抛锚泊船;把……固定住
She anchored the gig before it was too late.
她及时停住了快艇。
5.appropriate vt. 擅用，挪用，占用，盗用
We have to appropriate more resource if we want to win.如果我们想赢的话，我们必需挪用更多的资源。
6.associate adj.(官职)副的 n. 同事，伙伴
He is pretty young as an associate professor.作为一个副教授来说，他很年轻。
7.balance n. 差额;结余，余款
We will check the balance sheet before we put any more money in your company.
在投更多的钱进你们公司之前我们必须检查一下你们的资产负债表。
8.bore v.钻(孔)，挖(洞)，打眼，钻探
I am bored from all the boring work.
挖这么长时间的洞，真无聊。
9.boss v. 指挥，支配，发号施令
Don't boss me around.别指手画脚的。
10. combination” n. 化合物;密码
The combination is too hard to crack. 密码太难破解了。
11. complex n. 行.联合体;情结
an iron and steel complex 钢铁联合企业
inferiority complex 自卑情绪
12. complication n. 复杂，纠纷;并发症; 混乱
The jury will have to reconsider the verdict because of certain complications
involved. 因为一些复杂的情况的介入，陪审团必须得重新考虑审判结果。
13. dial n.钟(表)面，刻度盘，拨号盘
the dial is luminous so you can see the clock in dark.
因为钟面会发光所以你可以在黑暗看见钟。
14. displacement n. 行.移置;取代; 位移;排水量
Displacement is the actual distance between two sites.位移是两点问的实际距离。
The largest displacement of civilian population since World War Two A ship with a displacement of 10000 tonnes.
15. extension n. 电话分机
16. fare v. 过活，生活; 进展
You may go farther and fare worse.
[谚]走得更远可能情况更糟(知足常乐)。
17.file n. 锉刀.锉
Manicurists are skilled at shaping and filing nails.
美甲师对修剪、锉光指甲很在行。
filed for divorce ?出离婚
18.harbor/harbour n. 避难所，藏身处.vt 隐匿，窝藏，包 庇 harbor the criminal 藏匿罪犯
19. hearing n. 审讯;听证会
Her hearing 听觉 is poor. He is hearing-impaired= he is not able to hear well. 他听觉受损。
20. hearty adj. 丰盛的 breakfast ;衷心的;健壮的 man;n. 朋友们，伙伴们 heartily adv. 极其地;强烈地
Most Afghans are heartily sick of war。大多数阿富汗人极其厌恶战争。
21. jealous adj. 猜疑的，警惕的(of) be jealous of wealth.
jealousy n. 嫉妒，戒备
22. lame adj. 站不住脚的，有缺陷的 cripple
That's a lame idea.真是个糟糕的主意。
23. minute adj. 微小的(差别等)，微细的;详细的 v.将......记录下来
24. mission n. 使团，代表团; 使命
entertain a foreign mission 招待一个外国使团
25. motion vt. 打手势. n.?议，动议
an urgent motion -个紧急的动议 in motion 在进行中
26. nail v. 将……钉牢，钉住;搞
定 He totally nailed the job.
他漂亮地搞定了那个工作。
hit the nail on the head.正中要害;揭露
27. negative n. 负数;(摄影)底片
28. nerve n. 勇敢，胆量 gut
have the nerves to do sth.有勇气去做某事
29. at odds (with)(与)……不一致;差异;争执
30. overall 以.[pl.](套头)作服，工装
31.panel n. 面，板;控制板，仪表盘;专门小组
judge panel 裁判团
32. proceedings n. 学报; 诉讼, 议程，回忆记录
33.scale n.刻度，标度;天平，磅秤;比例尺;音阶;鱼鳞
34.sophisticated adj. 尖端的，先进的;老练的老于世故 的 sophisticate v. 弄复杂，曲解
35. specifications n. 规格，说明书，规范
36.speculate vt. 投机,推测，思索 about/that;
they speculated in/on property 投机房地产
37.straw n. 吸管;签 adj.一文不值的东西 draw straws 抽签
38. stroke n. 击，敲;报时的钟声;一击，一划，一笔;一次努力;中风;抚摸
a stroke of genius 天才之举
He had a stroke at dinner。晚饭的时候他中风了。
39.tap n. 塞子，龙头; v. 轻拍, 轻叩，轻敲;
40.tender adj. 嫩的;脆弱的;敏感的;温柔的，温的 vt.使柔软 vi.?出，?供;投标 全国一致行动。
The president tendered his resignation. 总统递交了他的辞呈。
41.by the same token 由于同样原因，同样地
He doesn't have the proper clearance to go 他没有去那里的适当许可。
42.trust n. 盼望，希望;委托，信托;托拉斯(垄断)
43.utter v.说，表达;发出(声音) adj.彻底的，完全的
44. upset v.打翻，推翻 ;颠覆;扰 乱 upset a room 弄乱房间
45.variation n.变种，变异 gene variation
46. venture v.大胆表示 n.冒险事业
joint venture 合资企业 venture to do sth.冒险做某事
47.wage u.进行，开展
wage a war 发动战争
48. yield n. 出产，生长;产量 v 屈服，服从(to).
How much can you yield from that field?
那块田能有多少的产量?
He never yielded during the interrogation.
他在整个审问过程中都没有屈服。
49. chance 行.机会口.碰巧;冒险
chance doing sth.冒险做某事
I chanced to be there.我碰巧在那儿
50.cement n.水泥 vt. 巩固
This item has cemented our friendship.
51. pool n.水池口，集资，合资
We pooled our money to build a house.
我们集资建一座房子。
52. bleed v.流血，勒索
The blackmailer bled him for$20,000.
勒索者勒索他两万关金。
53. bug n.小毛病口.烦扰，打扰
He always bugs me.他总是烦扰我。
54.blunt adj.钝的口.减弱，消弱
Her bad behavior blunted his interest to her.
她的坏习惯减弱了他对她的兴趣。
55. context n.上下文; 环境
environment context 历史环境
56. connection n.联系，关系;
personal connection 私人关系资源
57. concert n.音乐会;一起，一致.和谐
The whole nation acted in concert. 全国一致行动。
58. cite v.援引;引用;表彰或奖励+积极信息; 指控或传讯+消极信息
59. clearance n.清理，清除;批准，官方许可，票据
He doesn't have the proper clearance to go there。
他没有去那里的适当许可。
60. discount v.打折;冷漠;漠视
He discounted his expense in his plan.在他的计划里他忽视了花费。
61. cushion n.垫子 vt.缓冲
Welfare provides a cushion against hardship.
福利给困苦?供了一个缓解。
62. crisp n.脆的;干净利落的，简明扼要的
63. cream n.精华
He is the cream of the crop.
他是这个团队中的精英。
64. fiction n.小说，编造，虚
构 65.definition 分辨率 清晰度
66. drain v.排干;耗尽;枯竭
I feel completely drained.
我感觉完全筋疲力尽。
67. drive n.驾驶;干劲;能动性
lack drive and ambition 缺乏干劲和雄心
68. employ n./vt.雇佣;使用
employ sb.雇佣某人 employ sth.使用某物
You employ knife, fork and spoon in eating.
你使用刀子、叉子和勺子吃饭。
69.frontier n.边界;尖端领域，新领域，领先的
70. fossil n.化石. adj 顽固的，保守的
71.firework n.烟花;激情迸发;发火，发怒
72.grip v.抓，吸引……的注意
73.gross n. 总的;严重的;粗俗的
The court found the doctor guilty of gross.
法院发现医生犯有严重的罪行。
74.hatch v.孵出;思考，谋划
75.hinge n.绞链;折叶;关键
76.mean n.平均值;[pl.]手段，方法，引申 adj，卑鄙的，卑劣的(“耍手段的”)
77. lever n. 杠杆;方法，手段
78.pattern n.样式 v.模仿，仿制
He patterned himself on a man he admired.
他模仿一个他敬仰的人。
79. particular adj.特别的;讲究的，挑剔的 n.详细说明;特别项目
be particular about 对……讲究
80. overhead n.天花板;头顶物 n.(财会)经常性的费用;房租、水电费等
81.momentum n.动力;冲量;声势
82.milk v.挤奶;榨取，勒索
He milk his rich aunt until she hadn't a penny left.
他将其富有的姑姑榨取得一分不剩。
83. practice n.练习;惯例，习惯; 实践 It
is his practice/hobby to sleep late.
晚睡是他的习惯。
84.preface n.序言，前言;前奏，……的开端
85.reflect vt.反射，反应;仔细考虑;反省
86.readily adj，乐意地;容易地
87.provision n.供应，?供;条款或规定
according to the contract's provision 根据合同的条款
88.provincial 省的，省级的;眼光狭隘的
89. province.省;范围，领域
90.property n.财产;性质，性能
Many plants have medical properties.
很多植物有药性/医疗性能。
91.start v. 开动，启动;开创，创办
start (up) the engine 启动引擎
start a newspaper 创办报纸
92.spark n.火花，火星 n.微妙，一点儿。，发
出火花，闪烁;激发，鼓舞
a spark of=a minute of -点儿
spark the creativity 激发创造性
93.school n.学院，学校;学派
There are various schools on this subject.
在这个专题/课题上有很多学派。
Many mothers schooled their daughters in the myth of female inferiority.许多母亲用
男尊女卑的错误观念教育女儿。
94.satisfaction n. 满足;赔偿
If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.
如果你得不到任何赔偿，就向公园的所有者投诉。
95. sandwich n.三明治口.加入或挤入
He was sandwiched between the two powers.
他被夹在两股权力之间。
96. sample n. 样本，标本 v. 体验，尝试
sample the country life 体验乡村生活
97.run v，经营，管理;竞选
in the long run 从长远来看 in the short run 从短期来
看 run for the president 竞选总统
98.rest n.休息，取决于，归因于(写作)
rest on at least two factors 至少取决于 2 个因
素 rely on - rest on 依靠
99. principal n.小学校长;资本，资金
100. preparation.准备;制剂，制品
a preparation for cleaning metals
一种清洗金属的制剂
101. second num.第二 vt.赞成，附和
second the proposal 赞成这项?议
102.scratch v.抓，挠，搔，起跑线 start
from scratch 从头开始，白手起家
103. weather v. 经受，遭受，使分吹雨打 adj. 露天的 ，迎风的
Unpainted wooden furniture weathers to a grey color.
没有上漆的木质家具会褪成灰色。
If you weather a difficult time or a difficult situation, you survive it and are
able to continue normally after it has passed or ended. 经受住
The company has weathered the recession.
公司度过了萧条期。
104. institution n. 制度;习俗
I believe in the institution of marriage.
我相信婚姻制度。
105. function n. (数学) 函数;功能;责任
His function is similar to a judge. 他
的职责和法官相似。
106. disposition n. (心里)性情;(军事)部署，倾向; 处置
The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in disposition.
这对孪生兄弟外貌很相像， 但性格却相差很大。
107. might n. 权利;力量;势力
The might of the army could prove a decisive factor.
军队的力量最终可能成为一个决定性的因素。
108. discipline n. 学科;纪律;训练;惩罚 vt. 训练，训导;惩戒
We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.
我们正在寻找各类学科的人才。
109. assume vt. 承担;假定;采取;呈现 vi. 装腔作势;多管闲事
6He managed to assume an air of calm.
他设法表现出一幅平静的样子。
110. advantage n. 优势;利益;有利条件 vi. 获利 vt. 有利于;使处于优势
She took advantage of him even after they were divorced.
她甚至在他们离婚以后仍然利用他。
111. preserve v. 储备
to preserve talents 储备人才
112. shaky adj. 摇晃的; 无根据的; 不坚定的;不可靠的
shaky evidence 站不住脚的理论
13. credit n. 信用;学分;声望 vt. 信任;归功于...
It would be wrong for us to take all the credit.
我们把所有的功劳都揽到自己身上就不对了。
114. element n. 自然环境，成分
The area where most refugees are waiting is exposed to the elements.
大部分难民滞留的地区暴露在风雨之中。
115. novel adj. 新颖的，异常的
Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.
抗议者们找到一种新奇的示威方式来反对石油价格的飙升。
116.weigh v. 考虑，权衡
At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and
academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for
tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard
them with a lengthy list of possible ones. (真题 1999, Text 1, Paragraph 4)
与此同时，美国法学会——该学会由一群法官、律师、学者所组成，他们的建议举足轻重——
签署了新的民事侵害法纲要，宣布公司不必警示顾客那些显而易见的危险，或者给顾客列出一份冗
长的可能造成的危险的清单。
117. even a. 均匀的;公平的 n. 偶数
They seemed a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their
bearing; they never referred to anything personal.
他们看起来像神职人员，尽管道行参差不齐，但举止非常统一;他们从来不谈私事。
118.odd a. 临时的，剩余的，奇怪的
Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern
only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information
protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety. (真题
2007, Text 4, Paragraph 1)
迄今为止，信息保护工作一直被留给临时的、低层次的信息技术人员承担，并且只被看成是信
息资源丰富产业所关切的一个方面，比如银行业、电信业以及航空旅行业，如今，信息保护则成为
各类商业老板议事日程中需要优先考虑的问题。
119.. weather v. 抵抗，克服
This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment
insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. (真题 2007, Text
3, Paragraph 2)
7这种“额外工人效应”可以支持由失业保险或残疾保险?供的安全网，以便帮助家庭渡过难关。
[page]
120.voice n. 意见，发言权
Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science
about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air
until we know for sure. (真题 2005, Text 2, Paragraph 3)
就象吸烟问题一样，来自不同领域的意见坚持认为有关全球变暖的科学资料还不完整。在我们
证实这件事之前可以向大气中不断的排放气体。
121.resume v. 重新开始，恢复
If they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and
either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation.
(CET-6, 1997.6, Passage 4, Paragraph1)
如果听者没有看他，说话人会以为他对话题不感兴趣，因此他会暂停一下，直到眼神交流恢复
或者他会结束谈话。
122. spell n.一段时间
Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that
transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human
brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by
decades if not centuries. (真题 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 4)
虽然起初在 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代有过一段乐观的时期，因为在当时看来，似乎晶体管
电路和微处理器的发展将使他们在 2010 年能够模仿人类大脑的活动，但是最近研究人员已经开始
将这个预测延后数十年，如果不是数百年的话。
123. tired 陈腐的， 陈旧的
Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the
Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.(真
题 2001, Text 5, Paragraph 2)
奇怪的是，大约两年半的时间我写完两部小说后，我这个被美国人称为“放慢生活节奏”的试
验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了现实。
124. fault n. 毛病
Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other
academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. (真题 1998, Text 3, Paragraph 4)
格罗斯和莱维特主要挑那些质疑科学客观性的社会学家、哲学家和其他学者的毛病。
125. practice n. 惯例，习惯，做法
Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent
elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of
giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal,
“spatial” thinking about things technological. (真题 1996, Text 4, Paragraph 2)
在诸多形成因素中，我想特别指出这个国家优异的小学教育;欢迎新技术的劳动大军;对发明者
进行奖励的做法;尤其是美国人在处理技术性事物所具有的非语言的空间思维才能。
126. principal n. 最重要的，主要的
The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in
the number of pupils. (CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 1)
8学校面临的主要困难一直是学生人数的剧增。
127. tell v. 区别，分辨,识别
Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to
tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
(CET-4, 2005.1, Passage 1, Paragraph 1)
嗓子疼、鼻子不通和浑身酸痛都会带来痛苦，但是能够识别其原因是普通感冒还是流感，对于
这种痛苦持续的时间长短会有着重要的意义。
128. land v. (使)靠岸(登陆、降落)
Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the
economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a
precise science. (真题 1997, Text 5, Paragraph 1)
很多用来描述货币政策的词，如“引导经济软着陆”，“触动经济刹车”，听起来像是一门精确的科学。
